Biography:

Alexander G. Ramm is a Professor Emeritus of Mathematics with broad interests in analysis, scattering theory, inverse problems, theoretical physics, engineering, signal estimation, tomography, theoretical numerical analysis, and applied mathematics. He is the author of 708 research papers, 20 research monographs, and is the editor of 3 books. A. G. Ramm has solved inverse scattering problems with fixed-energy scattering data, with non-over-determined scattering data and has studied scattering problems with under-determined scattering data. He has solved many specific inverse problems and developed new methods in this area. He has also solved the many-body wave scattering problem when the bodies are small particles of arbitrary shapes and used this theory to give a recipe for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient. These results attracted attention from the scientists working in nanotechnology. He gave formulas for the scattering amplitude for scalar and electro-magnetic waves by small bodies of arbitrary shapes and formulas for the polarizability tensors for such bodies. He gave a complete solution to the Pompeiu problem, proved the Schiffer’s conjecture, and gave first symmetry results in harmonic analysis. He has developed the Dynamical Systems Method (DSM) for solving linear and nonlinear operator equations, especially ill-posed. He developed a random fields estimation theory, proved nonlinear inequalities, and used these for obtaining new results in stability theory. He studied convolution integral equations and inequalities with hyper-singular integrals. Recently, he solved the millennium problem (concerning the Navier–Stokes Problem (NSP)) and proved the paradox in the NSP which shows the contradictory nature of the NSP and the non-existence of its solution on the interval t>0 for the non-zero initial data.

Abstract :

The theory of acoustic and electromagnetic (EM) wave scattering byone and many small impedance particles of arbitrary shapes is developed. The basic assumptions are: a <a is the characteristic size of particles, d is the smallest distance between the neighboring particles, λ is the wavelength. This theory allows one to give a recipe for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient. One can create material with negative refraction: the group velocity in this material is directed opposite to the phase velocity. One can create a material with a desired wave focusing property. Equation is derived for the EM field in the medium in which many small impedance particles are embedded. Similar results are obtained in [6] for heat transfer in the media in which many small particles are distributed. The theory presented in this talk is developed in [1]-[9]. Practical realizations of this theory are discussed in [9]. In [9] the problem of creating material with a desired refraction coefficient is discussed in the case when the material is located inside a bounded closed connected surface on which the Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed.

Biography:

Abstract :

Biography:

Dr. David C. Brown is the Founder and CTO of Advanced Photonic Sciences, a renowned laser physicist and engineer, and is a pioneer in cryogenic high-power solid-state lasers and in the understanding of thermal effects in cryogenic and fiber lasers. He has published widely on high average power CW, picosecond, and frequency-doubled picosecond cryogenic Yb:YAG laser systems, and on the room-temperature and cryogenic spectroscopy of Yb:YAG, Ho:YAG, Yb:LuAG, and Yb:Lu₂O₃. He has held senior research positions at The Laboratory For Laser Energetics at The University of Rochester, Northrop-Grumman, and the GE Corporate Research and Development Center.

Dr. Brown is a Fellow of The Optical Society of America (OSA), and serves as a reviewer for over 16 laser and optics journals worldwide. He is a life member of OSA and IEEE, and a frequent contributor to their journals.

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Biography:

Dr. Aurel Ymeti received a MSc in Theoretical Physics from the University of Tirana,  in 1996, and a PhD in Applied Physics/Nanotechnology from the University of Twente, in 2004, working on the development of ultrasensitive multichannel integrated photonic (bio-)sensing platforms. Subsequently, he worked as a postdoctoral research fellow at the same University on development of portable devices for staging of HIV infection in point-of-care settings, later commercialized by Immunicon/Veridex (J&J). Since 2008 Aurel is co-founder and CEO of Nanoalmyona BV, a hightech company specialized in project management and new business development in Hightech Systems and Materials, including integrated photonics and Lab-on-a-Chip biosensing technology. In 2008 he co-founded Ostendum, a spin-off of the MESA+ Institute of the University of Twente, focusing on the commercialization of label-free optical analysis methods for rapid detection of micro-organisms and biomarkers based on the Lab-on-a-Chip Nanotechnology, initially invented and developed during his PhD project. As R&D Director at Ostendum, he was responsible for the research and technology development and new product management. In 2017 Aurel was appointed as Associate Professor at the Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnic University of Tirana, focusing on application of High Tech Systems in innovative product development. In 2019 he joined NanoBio Research Group, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, where as a Sr. Researcher he is involved in project management, R&D of Lab-on-a-Chip biosensor devices for point-of-care applications such as medical diagnostics and food safety.

Aurel has (co)authored about 50 publications in refereed journals, peer-reviewed conference proceedings and books, is inventor of several patents and has presented more than 40 keynote/invited lectures in (inter)national conferences. He has served as Program Committee Member and Chair of several international conferences, including SPIE conference series of Defense, Security and Sensing (2010 - 2015) and Advancements of Laser, Optics and Photonics Conference (2019 - 2021). His work on photonic biosensors has been featured in many well-known international media publications, incl. MIT’s Technology Review, Nature, Le Monde and BBC Focus Magazine and in 2007 the highly reputable business magazine FORBES has highlighted his work as one of the “13 Amazing New Nanotechnologies”. Aurel has received several awards including the prestigious European Lab-on-a-Chip Nanodevices Technology Innovation Leadership Award from FROST & SULLIVAN in 2013.

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Biography:

Masakatsu Murakamireceived his PhD at Osaka University, Japan in 1988. He is now professor of Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), Osaka University. He worked for three years at Max-Planck-Institute for quantum-optics (MPQ) in Germany on laser-matter interaction and heavy ion fusion physics. Since 1993 he has worked at ILE, Osaka University. He now leads a theoretical group at ILE. The scope of current scientific interests concerns interactions with intense laser and matter, high temperature plasma, laser ion acceleration, hydrodynamic phenomena in astrophysics.Recently he has proposed novel physical concepts using nanoscale structures driven by intense laser pulses to generate ultrahigh fields, which have never been achieved in laboratories. Such investigations are expected to provide a new platform to study many different branches of fundamental and applied physics.

Abstract :

Micro cavity implosions driven by multiple ultra intense laser pulses enable new regimes of strong electric and magnetic field generation. Laser irradiation of a target with an embedded micro-scale void generates a population of hot electrons which fill the void, driving implosion of the cavity. When the implosion is symmetric, the collapse of ions to the target center is accompanied by the generation of a strong electric field. In the case of spherical micro bubbles [1,2], the resulting electric field is predicted to reach the extreme values needed to observe high-field phenomena such as vacuum polarization. Cylindrical micro tube implosions, while less favorable for electric field production, generate strong axially-oriented magnetic fields, and can additionally amplify applied fields, offering a path towards mega teals magnetic fields [3]. The development of micro cavity implosion platforms would introduce new capabilities in extreme electric field and ultrahigh magnetic field generation for both high-field physics and magnetized high energy density plasma experiments. The development of platforms for the laboratory generation of extreme electric fields and ultrahigh magnetic fields will allow experimental testing of fundamental principles in QED, magnetized high energy density physics and laboratory astrophysics, and extreme astrophysical environments.

Biography:

Dr. Menkara has a PhD in Physics from Georgia Tech and is one of the original founders of PhosphorTech Corporation and currently serving as its CEO. He has both technical and business backgrounds and has been involved in the basic development and commercialization of virtually all of the current product lines & services offered by PhosphorTech. He has over 20 years of experience in semiconductors, photonics/photodetectors, light-emitting devices, and phosphor technologies for light energy capture and conversion. He has developed and patented several novel materials, processes and devices for energy efficient lighting and material analysis. He has successfully managed and co-managed multi-million-dollar projects and in the process, transformed basic scientific concepts and feasibility studies on new materials and structures into actual commercial products. For the past 10 years, he has been additionally involved in the area of nanotechnology and specifically functional nano-materials for light harvesting and energy conversion.

Abstract:

Nearly all current solid-state lighting (SSL) systems used for general illumination are based on the  phosphor converted LED (pcLED) architecture, which offers a practical and mass producible structure for  white light generation. Laser-based SSL devices do exist in limited applications such as select automobile headlights and in some image projection devices utilizing laser-based Digital Light Processors (DLPs). This  study will present recent work on how RGB lasers and SSL emitters were combined with selected phosphor materials to produce novel infrared (IR) optical sources and imaging devices. For example, by combining  a high power (10W) blue 445nm laser with a ceramic phosphor, it was possible to produce a source with  optical emission in the near-infrared (NIR 700-900nm), as well as continuous thermal emission extending  from the short-wave infrared (SWIR 0.9-1.7μm), to the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and even past the 14μm  range of the long-wave IR (LWIR). A holographic IR display prototype was built and demonstrated by down-converting RGB into IR using phosphors. In addition, it will be shown how lasers can be used in the development, analysis and optimization of phosphors. Using lasers as excitation sources instead of conventional LEDs, it is possible to perform accurate and high-power density lifetime measurements on the phosphor converters by de-coupling the optical material aging from the polymer encapsulant (epoxy/silicone) degradation typically observed in high power SSL devices. Unlike an LED light, a laser beam can be easily focused into a 200-300 μm spot from a distance away from the sample under test, which helps in directly monitoring the optical output and operating temperature of the down-converter independently of the excitation source itself. Using such an approach, several different types of LED phosphor materials can be monitored and compared simultaneously for thousands of hours.

Biography:

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Biography:

Abstract:

Xerostomia is defined as a subjective sensation of dry mouth described by patients, which is commonly related to hypo salivation (decreased salivary flow rate). Its etiology is multifactorial and can be associated with secondary salivary gland disease, systemic diseases, drugs as well as head and neck radiotherapy, which is related to radiation dose,  fraction size and duration of treatment. Xerostomia impairs speech, chewing and swallowing with a consequent worsening of the nutritional status and functional decline.  Therapeutic management of xerostomia includes oral hygiene with fluorite and antimicrobial agents, saliva substitutes and sialogenic agents. In this context, Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an effective therapy for the supportive care of cancer  patients undergoing radiotherapy, mainly in preventing high grade mucositis. However, its effects in the treatment of xerostomia in cancer patients are not yet established. Objective:  Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of PBM on xerostomia after radiotherapy in cancer patients receiving ontological treatment. Materials and methods: 

This study will be a randomized, blind-controlled clinical trial in which cancer patients  (female or male) submitted previously to radiotherapy will be divided into 2 groups: G1  (experimental group), in which patients will receive the standard treatment for xerostomia  and PBM and G2- (control group), in which patients will receive the standard treatment for  xerostomia + PBM placebo. The parameter of PBM will be as follow: diode laser with emission at 808nm, 100mW, 4J per point and 40 sec. The irradiation will be applied in parotid (3 points), submandibular (2 points) and sublingual glands (2 points) as well as in the oral mucosa, totaling 20 points. Patients will be treated3x/week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be the Xerostomia Inventory and the secondary will be the evaluation of speech, articulator and nutritional assessment and sialometry. 

Biography:

Abstract:

The impacted lower third molar teeth surgery is indicated to prevent cists and pericoronitis. The pain, edema, and truisms are frequently associated with surgery, and analgesics, anti-inflammatory, and physiotherapy are indicated. The photobiomodulation post-surgery is effective to reduce edema, truisms, and pain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the preemptive use of infrared LED to prevent pain, truisms, and edema on conditioned or facial tissues. This randomized, double-blind clinical trial, randomized, double-blind evaluated the impact of preconditioning the tissues involved on impacted lower third molar teeth surgery to prevent these unwanted effects. The participants were divided into two groups, and 1h before the surgery, the treated group received photobiomodulation with infrared LED 850nm, 8J, 80s, and the control group was used a similar device without irradiation. The participants were evaluated and received the corresponding treatment on the second and seventh days after surgery. After the second day, the treatment group demonstrated a significant pain reduction in relation to the placebo group (p = 0.006, Mann-Whitney), there was no significant change in truisms. The treatment group showed on the seventh-day post-surgery facial measurements statistically equal to pre-surgical values. This study demonstrated that the conditioning of the or facial tissues involved in third molar surgeries using infrared LED with 850nm wavelength 8J, 80s, performed one hour before the surgical procedure, showed positive results in reducing post operative pain

Biography:

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Biography:

Abstract:

Pericoronitis is a common disease in the eruption phase of third molars, sometimes debilitating. There is no consensus in the literature regarding a gold standard treatment. Studies using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) showed promising results of APDT in the treatment of symptoms of pericoronitis, which could be an interesting alternative therapy because is easy to perform and does not cause bacterial resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new formula of ethylene blue (MB) in APDT for pericoronitis. In this controlled trial, 10 individuals with pericoronitis were randomized into the positive control group (n = 5): irrigation with sterile saline and APDT (conventional MB at 0.005% concentration and irradiation with low intensity laser λ = 660 nm ^, 9J per point and radiant exposure of 318 J/cm²), and the experimental group  (n = 5): treatment identical to G1, however MB were delivered in a new formulation for oral use. Were analyzed the pain, edema and mouth opening. The variables were evaluated in baseline and 4th day after APDT. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA two-way supplemented by the Bonferroni test. Significant values were p< 0.05. No statistical improvement in pain or swelling was observed in either group after treatments. In both groups there was a significant improvement in mouth opening, with a better result on the 4th day in favor of the experimental group. The results suggest that APDT is an efficient therapy in the treatment of truisms caused by pericoronitis and that the new MB formula is more efficient than the conventional one for this purpose. Larger samples as well as new studies are needed for further conclusions.

Biography:

Abstract:

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent and reversible episodes of wheezing, dispend, chest stiffness and cough. Its treatment includes several drugs, high cost, and considerable side effects.    Photobiomodulation (PBM) emerge as an alternative treatment, showing good results; and it can be applied locally or systemically. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous systemic photobiomodulation (TSPBM) by red diode light. Therefore, adult rats were sensitized and  challenged with ova albumin (OVA) plus alum for induction of asthma and  irradiated or not with TSPBM in the caudal vein (Wavelength 660 ± 10nm;  Total Radiant Emission 15 J; Area 2.8 cm²; Energy density 5.35 J/cm²;    
.


Irradiance33.3 mw/cm²; Exposure time150 s). Our investigations  

Prioritized the cell migration into the alveolar space and lung,tracheal responsiveness, release and gene expression of cytokines, mast cell degranulation, and anaphylactic antibodies. Our results showed that TSPBM reduced the cell migration and mast cell degranulation without alter the tracheal responsiveness and ova albumin antibody titers. Indeed, JULIANA DELIMA; DE BARROS, ALBA LUCIA BOTURA LEITE. Content validation of the operational definitions of the Nursing Diagnoses of Activity,Intolerance, Excess fluid volume, and decreased cardiac output in Patients with heart failure.International journal of nursing knowledge inflammation by altering mast cells degranulation and IL-10 level. Further studies, investigating different dissymmetric parameters are needed in order to improve the effects of the

Biography:

Abstract:

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa, and is a worldwide health problem with a significant impact on the quality of life. The main goal of AR treatment is to relieve symptoms. However, standard treatments have considerable side effects or are not effective.  Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has emerged as an alternative treatment. Here, we evaluated the effects of transcutaneous systemic (tail)  or local (skin over nostrils) PBM using a 660 nm light emitting-diode  (LED) array. Adult rats were sensitized with 7 intradermal injections of   ova albumin (OVA) plus alum. After the immunization, a nasal challenge was performed by intranasal instillation of OVA (2%) daily for 7 days. The symptoms and signs of AR were then provoked by intranasal instillation of OVA (1%) daily for 3 days. The animals were treated with PBM (local or systemic) immediately after the last instillation of OVA. Our results  showed that local PBM treatment reduced mast cell degranulation in the  nasopharynx and nostrils, levels of leukotriene B4, thromboxane A2, and  interleukin 4 (IL-4) in the nasopharynx, as well as gene expression of IL 4. Moreover, we showed higher levels and gene expression of IL-10 after local PBM treatment. Systemic PBM treatment did not change any of the evaluated parameters. In conclusion, our data showed that local (but not systemic) treatment with PBM could improve parameters related to AR in an animal model, and should be tested clinically.  

Biography:

Abstract:

Skeletal muscle is a dynamic and adaptive tissue capable of altering its characteristics to meet its diverse functional demands. Compensatory hypertrophy (CH) occurs due to excessive mechanical load on a muscle, promoting an increase in the size of muscle fibers.  Photobiomodulation (PBM) has demonstrated beneficial effects on muscle tissue during CH however there is few information about the transcutaneous systemic application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of systemic photobiomodulation (PBMS) on the volume of muscle fibers during the CH process. Westar rats were divided into three groups: control group (n=5), hypertrophy (H) group (n = 10) and Hypertrophy + PBMS group (n = 10). CH was induced through the ablation of synergist muscles of the plantaris muscle. The preserved plantaris muscle below the removed muscles was submitted to excessive functional load. PBMS was performed with low-level laser (as Gael, λ = 780 nm; 40 MW; energy density:80 J/cm²; 80 seconds; 1 point, 3.2 J). Animals were euthanized after seven and 14 days. The plantaris muscles were removed and submitted to histological evaluation with H&E staining to determine the cross-sectional area (AST) and fiber diameter. The results showed an increase in AST after 7 and 14 days in the H + FBMS group compared to the H group. Fiber diameter increased in group H+FBMS when compared to group H after 7 and 14 days. Based on these findings, it is concluded that a FBMS was able to positively influence the morphological aspects considered essential for increasing the size of muscle fibers during the CH process.

Biography:

Abstract:

Acne treatment is commonly performed with retinoid, such as adapalene, retinoic acid, isotretinoin, which have non comedogenic, anti-inflammatory, and comedolytic characteristics. The main disadvantage of most topical retinoid is related to coetaneous side effects. Acne usually improves after exposure to sunlight or artificially produced UV radiation. This research aimed to analyze the use of blue light for the treatment of inflammatory acne. A systematic literature review was carried out, whose research protocol followed the PRISMA recommendation, and randomized clinical trial studies that compared blue light with another intervention as a control were included in the sample. The search was carried out in the PUBMED and WEB of SCIENCE databases, combining the terms "photobiomodulation", "Acne", "LLLT", Phototherapy, "LED" and "blue light". The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Scale. After excluding duplicates, the titles, and abstracts of 81 articles were evaluated, and 50 articles were selected for full reading, including 8 articles in the review at the end. For this purpose, articles were selected from 1990 to 2021. Eight randomized controlled clinical trials were analyzed using blue light and a comparative method. Most studies compared the use of blue light with benzyl peroxide, and the others used another light source or placebo as a comparison. The included studies differed from each other regarding the protocol applied with blue light. The studies showed significant improvements in the general picture of acne with blue light, considering the number and size of lesions, and as for inflammation, red light showed better results. It is concluded that despite the great potential in its use in the treatment of acne, there is a need for more detailed tests on the effect of blue light in this treatment. 

Biography:

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The immuno pathology of COPD is a crossover and complex conversation between inflammatory and structural cells that trigger both cell migration and airway remodeling, with clinical consequences of irreversible airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms. This process is likely triggered by various components tobacco smoke. Thus, the study of photobiomodulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can become a successful reality for the treatment of patients with the disease. In this sense, the aim of this work is to evaluate whether photobiomodulation therapy regulates pulmonary inflammation via reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an experimental model of COPD.The COPD induction protocol was performed by applying orotracheal smoke cigarette extract, 1 application the extract, twice a week for 6 weeks andeuthanasia performed 24 hours after the last application. After 3 weeks of exposure to cigarette extract, the COPD animals underwent low-intensity laser therapy (LLL) for 3 weeks, with different doses of energy (1J/cm2, 5J/cm2 and 7.5J/cm2) low level laser. In this context, we evaluated the presence of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), in the blood and lungs of animals. In addition to necrosis and apoptosis cells as well as ROS in the lung. Our data indicate an increase in the number of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in BAL and lung of animals with COPD, on the other hand, laser with 1J/cm2 and 5J/cm2 reduced number of cells in BAL, whereas the dose of 7.5J/cm2 no show differences in cell migration to the lung. Wealsofound a reduction in pulmonary ROS and BAL ATP after laser therapy (1J/cm2 and 5J/cm2). With These Results, we can suggest that photobiomodulation action pulmonary inflammation is observed in COPD via regulation of ROS production.

Biography:

Abstract:

It is widely known that photobiomodulation (PBM) has beneficial effects on allergic lung inflammation. Our previous study showed an Anti-inflammatory effect of PBM therapy in an experimental model of asthma, and we observed that this mechanism is partially dependent the secretion of IL-10 in thelung.In this sense, the objective of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory role of the PBM therapy in the pulmonary inflammatory response in chronic experimental asthma model. The protocol used for asthma induction was the administration of OVA subcutaneously (days 0 and 14) and intranasally (3 times/week, for 5 weeks). Onday 50, the animals were sacrifice to assess inflammation and lung remodeling, as well as the percentage of Tregcells(CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺) and her secretion of IL-10 in the lung.The laser used was the diode, with a wavelength of 660 nm, power of 100 mW and1J for 10 s/point, in three different application points. Our data showed that PBM therapy decreased the macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Morethere, there was also a decrease in the release of cytokines in the lung, mucus and collagen in the airways, as well as reduced pulmonary mechanics. In addition, it is worth highlighting, the increased Tre cells with a consequent increase in the release of the IL-10 in telugu, contributing thus to the reduction of pulmonary inflammation.Therefore,we conclude that the use of PBM therapy in chronic airway inflammation attenuate the inflammatory process, as well as the pulmonary functional and structural parameters, probably via regulatory T cells. In this sense, this therapy can be used as an immuno therapeutic strategy in the treatment of asthma.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1.9% of   the population, with a slight predilection for women, characterized by manifestations in the skin and mucous membrane.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of PBM on the psychological profile of patients with oral lichen OLP in comparison to corticoid and to investigate the cost-effectiveness of both treatments. Materials and methods: Patients were randomized into two groups: Control (clobetasol   propionate 0.05%) and Photobiomodulation (660 nm, 100mW, 177 J/cm2, 5 s, 0.5 J) twice a week   for 30 days. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)  was used in different treatment   time points and at follow-up. The cost-effectiveness was calculated using the improvement in   OHIP-14 after treatment.

Results: OLP patients showed detected levels of anxiety and depression at baseline. No   improvement in anxiety and depression was noticed after treatments. The treatment with corticoid   was more cost-effective than PBM.

Conclusions: Psychological distress was not improved after both treatments. This study    highlights the need for additional therapeutic interventions in OLP patients, to early recognize   and to manage the alterations in their psychological profile. Moreover, PBM is a minimally   invasive therapy associated with no side effects that must be considered in clinical practice, especially   in those patients with refractory disease.

Trial registration: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov; the registration number is NCT03320460, registered on 17/10/2017.

Keywords: Oral lichen planus; Anxiety; Depression; Photobiomodulation; Cost-effectiveness